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Several species of aphids are troublesome pests of greenhouse crops, orchards, gardens and indoor gardens. They vary in colour from green, yellow and orange to black. Aphids suck plant sap, which causes distortion of leaves and shoots and reduces the vigour of plants. As they feed, aphids produce sticky honeydew which drips onto leaves and fruit below. Honeydew can support the growth of sooty molds. Some species of aphids also transmit plant viruses. Aphids reproduce very quickly because, for most of the year, the colony is entirely made up of females. During the growing season, aphids continuously give birth to live young, without mating. On outdoor plants, in the fall, male aphids develop in colonies; they mate with the females, which produce eggs. The eggs overwinter and hatch in the spring.
Aphid preditors are as follows:
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